Thursday, February 28, 2013

The Weirdest Thing on the Internet Tonight: Synesthetic Locked

Not everybody needs LSD to see sound and hear smells, people with a neurological condition known as Synesthesia experience a sort of "cross-talk" between their senses. Director Oscar Lopez Rocha is one such synesthete. He shares what he sees in Synesthetic Locked. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/2TCgyM5oWO4/the-weirdest-thing-on-the-internet-tonight-synesthetic-locked

whitney houston funeral live pat buchanan slither slither naacp glen campbell jerusalem artichoke

Mauritius' Sun Resorts says Q4 pretax profit down 20 pct

MADRID, Feb 27 (Reuters) - Lionel Messi has rarely been accused of failing to deliver in big games, having scored in two European Cup finals, but after subdued performances against AC Milan and Real Madrid, questions are being asked. The four-times World Player of the Year and leading scorer in one of the greatest club teams of all time, was a shadow of his usual self at the San Siro in a Champions League last-16 first leg last week, when Barcelona slumped to a 2-0 defeat. ...

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/mauritius-sun-resorts-says-q4-pretax-profit-down-090312480--finance.html

Rich Kids of Instagram felix hernandez julia child Ron Palillo Chad Johnson Twitter Helen Gurley Brown Kathi Goertzen

Friday, February 22, 2013

New flu drug stops virus in its tracks

Friday, February 22, 2013

A new class of influenza drug has been shown effective against drug-resistant strains of the flu virus, according to a study led by University of British Columbia researchers.

Published online today in the journal Science Express, the study details the development of a new drug candidate that prevents the flu virus from spreading from one cell to the next. The drug is shown to successfully treat mice with lethal strains of the flu virus.

In order to spread in the body, the flu virus first uses a protein, called hemagglutinin, to bind to the healthy cell's receptors. Once it has inserted its RNA and replicated, the virus uses an enzyme, called neuraminidase, to sever the connection and move on to the next healthy cell.

"Our drug agent uses the same approach as current flu treatments ? by preventing neuraminidase from cutting its ties with the infected cell," says UBC Chemistry Prof. Steve Withers, the study's senior author. "But our agent latches onto this enzyme like a broken key, stuck in a lock, rendering it useless."

The World Health Organization estimates that influenza affects three to five million people globally each year, causing 250,000 to 500,000 deaths. In some pandemic years, the figure rose to millions.

"One of the major challenges of the current flu treatments is that new strains of the flu virus are becoming resistant, leaving us vulnerable to the next pandemic," says Withers, whose team includes researchers from Canada, the UK, and Australia.

"By taking advantage of the virus's own 'molecular machinery' to attach itself," Withers adds. "The new drug could remain effective longer, since resistant virus strains cannot arise without destroying their own mechanism for infection."

###

University of British Columbia: http://www.ubc.ca

Thanks to University of British Columbia for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

This press release has been viewed 48 time(s).

Source: http://www.labspaces.net/126979/New_flu_drug_stops_virus_in_its_tracks

Colorado Lottery Pa Lottery Ebates lotto Illinois Lottery texas lottery Dell

Pakistan accuses ambassador of blasphemy for discussing blasphemy law

MULTAN, Pakistan (Reuters) - Pakistani police accused the country's ambassador to the United States on Thursday of blasphemy, a crime that carries the death penalty, in connection with a 2010 TV talk show, they said.

The accusation against Ambassador Sherry Rehman is the latest in a string of controversial blasphemy cases in Pakistan, a largely Muslim nation whose name translates as Land of the Pure.

According to Pakistan's blasphemy laws, anyone found to have uttered words derogatory to the Prophet Muhammad can be put to death. Those who are accused are sometimes lynched by mobs even before they reach court.

Rehman has already faced death threats from militants after calling for reforms to the country's anti-blasphemy law, according to court documents. Two politicians who suggested reforming the law were assassinated.

The case against Rehman was brought by businessman Muhammad Faheem Gill, 31, who said that the comments Rehman made about the law on the Pakistani talk show in 2010 were blasphemous.

"I've been trying to get this case registered for the last three years, ever since I saw that TV show," Gill told Reuters. "I've even gone to the highest court. I'm glad that action will finally be taken now."

Gill went to the Supreme Court with his complaint after police refused to register it. The court ordered police in the central Pakistani city of Multan to investigate.

Blasphemy accusations are on the rise, according to a report released by the Islamabad-based think tank, Center for Security Studies. At least 52 people accused of blasphemy have been killed since 1990.

The charge is difficult to defend since blasphemy is not defined and courts often hesitate to hear evidence, fearful that reproducing it will also be blasphemy.

Recent cases have included a teacher who made a mistake setting homework, a man who threw away a business card belonging to a man name Mohammed, and a Pakistani Christian girl, Rimsha Masih, who was accused of burning pages of Muslim holy texts last year.

The teenager was cleared by a court after it emerged that she may have been framed by a cleric trying to evict Christians from his area. She and her family are now in hiding.

Rehman, a prominent member of the ruling Pakistan People's Party, was appointed as ambassador to the United States in November 2011.

(Writing By Mehreen Zahra-Malik; Editing by Katharine Houreld)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/pakistan-accuses-ambassador-u-blasphemy-124213305.html

exit polls Presidential Polls California Propositions Electoral College chuck pagano A Gay Lesbian daylight savings time 2012

This Is Officially the Best Copyright-Free Way to Sing Happy Birthday

You might not know it, but the melody from Happy Birthday To You is actually copyrighted, owned by Time Warner, and won't enter the public domain until 2030 at the earliest. That's why the Free Music Archive set out to find an alternative—and this is officially the best choice. More »


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/zSX7aFbdSfc/this-is-officially-the-best-copyright+free-way-to-sing-happy-birthday

brian dunn vin scully petrino fired george zimmerman charged big sean sherri shepherd sherri shepherd

The Union Minister for Culture, Smt. Chandresh Kumari Katoch going round an exhibition ?The World of Khusrau?, in New Delhi on February 22, 2013.

Sorry, Readability was unable to parse this page for content.

Source: http://pib.nic.in/release/phsmall.asp?phid=45615

gisele bundchen tom brady randy travis arrested dickens greg kelly cujo karen handel hangout

Thursday, February 21, 2013

The Walking Dead, Season 3

TWD_GP_310_0831_0303 "He's dead, Jim."

Gene Page/AMC

When the Governor put a bullet in Axel?s head, I could almost hear Bones say it: ?He?s dead, Jim.? Axel did what he had always seemed destined to do?die?and in so doing, he joined a pantheon of mostly forgotten?The Walking Dead?characters whose sole purpose seemed to be to remind viewers that the good guys are vulnerable.

Axel was prime redshirt material. He first appeared in the first episode of this season, but after nine episodes we only knew him a little better than ill-fated Oscar. His backstory-revealing flirtation with Carol in in ?Home? was a mislead, and an effective one at that; it misled us into thinking the show would actually give a new character some substance and purpose before killing him off.

My buddy in this week?s chat,?Forbes? Erik Kain, described this as the ?Lost?Syndrome,? after the second season of?Lost, which added a swath of new characters to the show only to?promptly kill almost all of them. I get it:?The Walking Dead?wants to convince us that the protagonists aren?t indestructible. Superman has kryptonite because suspense isn?t suspense unless the good guys can get hurt. But?The Walking Dead?doesn?t have to make this point every other episode by killing off a recently added character. It?s lazy and unnecessary, and, more grievously, it wastes the time viewers have invested observing and evaluating that character.

A high school English teacher once told me that great literature lacks characters and subplots that are superfluous to its point,?Moby Dick?notwithstanding. While I don?t expect?The Walking Dead?to be?Pride and Prejudice, good drama spends human capital effectively, and at times this show knows how to do that.

Take Lori?s death, for instance. Lori?s death had huge repercussions throughout the rest of the season. It calcified Carl and drove Rick mad.

Now consider Jim?s death. I know. Who the hell was Jim again?

That doesn?t mean we have to know every new guy?s origin story or that Rick should spend episodes grieving over each casualty (which he?s kind of doing anyway). Dale?s death showed that even deeply developed characters can die rather inconsequentially?but at least he had a significant part to play?before?his death. Conversely, the deaths of lightly developed characters can have far-reaching ramifications. Otis? death in Season 2 led circuitously to Shane?s fall and demise, and Jacqui?s suicide at the CDC raised fascinating philosophical questions. These characters, whether in their lives or through their deaths, had some sort of significant plot-related or thematic point.

What has Axel really?done?since the group reluctantly brought him into the fold??Creep on Beth? Maybe it?s premature to call his death meaningless, but I don?t see any character or viewer giving him more than the same shrug they gave to any of the other doomed members of the prison gang. Just like Ana Lucia, Mr. Eko, and those poor redshirts who beamed down with Kirk and Spock, he was a plot device, not a person?and his two minutes of backstory in ?Home? didn?t change that.

Source: http://feeds.slate.com/click.phdo?i=bb216c1c856a30646f5bf3e54258c5d8

saturday night fever glamping forgetting sarah marshall taraji p. henson shuttle discovery bonnie raitt internal revenue service

Insight: Rome will burn, regardless of Italian election result

ROME | Wed Feb 20, 2013 11:57am EST

ROME (Reuters) - Regardless of who wins next weekend's parliamentary election, Italy's long economic decline is likely to continue because the next government won't be strong enough to pursue the tough reforms needed to make its economy competitive again.

Bankers, diplomats and industrialists in Rome and Milan despair at how Italians are shifting allegiances ahead of the February 24-25 vote to favor anti-establishment upstarts and show disgust with the established parties.

That makes it more likely that no bloc will have the political strength to tackle Italy's deep-rooted economic crisis, which has made it Europe's most sluggish large economy for the past two decades.

Final opinion polls predict that the vote will deliver a working majority in both houses for a centre-left coalition governing in alliance with technocrat former prime minister Mario Monti. Political risk consultancy Eurasia assigns this scenario a 50-60 percent probability.

But Italy's election for both chambers of parliament has the potential to tip the euro zone back into instability if the outcome does not produce that result.

The colorful cast of candidates includes disgraced media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi, one of the world's richest men, the bespectacled academic Monti, anti-establishment comedian Beppe Grillo who campaigns from a camper van, and Nichi Vendola, a former communist poet who is the governor of Puglia.

Investors have so far taken a relaxed view, relying on polls produced until the legal deadline for surveys of Feb 10.

One of the best indicators that they are not worried: Italian benchmark 10-year bond yields, which topped six percent during the country's worst political moments in 2011, are now trading around 4.4 percent, almost a full percentage point lower than those of Spain.

Italian stocks have performed broadly in line with the wider European market since January, despite the election and a wave of scandals which has engulfed several leading Italian groups.

But observers in Italy are increasingly nervous that the rosy election scenario favored by investors may not work out.

A jaded electorate, angry about political corruption, economic mismanagement and a national crisis that has impoverished a once-wealthy member of the G7 club of rich nations, could produce a surprise.

Pier Luigi Bersani, the standard-bearer for the centre-left, is a worthy but lackluster former minister whose party has been linked to a banking scandal in the mediaeval Tuscan town of Siena. Support for his party now seems to be fading.

Opponents have latched on to the fact that the ailing bank, Monte dei Paschi, was run by a foundation dominated by political appointees from the centre-left and accused Bersani's party of presiding over a debacle that will cost taxpayers hundreds of millions of euros.

CAMPER VAN POLITICS

Monti, dubbed "Rigor Montis" by one opponent for his austerity policies which critics say hurt growth, is stuck in fourth place and slipping. Detractors say he comes across poorly on the hustings and has been hurt because he formed an election alliance with two discredited centrist politicians who are emblematic of the traditional politics which Monti disavows.

The big gainer in the final days before the election, according to private surveys quoted by experts, is stand-up comedian Beppe Grillo and his anti-establishment 5-Star Movement. Grillo has been on a "tsunami tour" of Italy in a camper van, filling piazzas with his ringing denunciations of the country's political class. He campaigns mainly on the Internet, where his widely read blog features a list of Italy's parliamentarians convicted of a crime (it features 24 names).

"The big question is: what happens to Grillo?" said one senior banker in Milan, speaking on condition of anonymity. "He won't win but he could stop Bersani and Monti from getting enough seats to form an effective government."

Under the electoral law in force for this poll, which almost all Italians agree is in need of reform, voters cast ballots for a party list. The coalition with the most votes is awarded top-up seats in the lower house to give it a 55 percent majority. But in the Senate, the top-up premium applies by region.

Pollsters say the race is too close to call in a few battleground regions but there is a good chance the centre-left will fall short of a majority in the Senate, which has equal law-making powers to the lower house.

A substantial vote for Grillo's movement - and some experts suggest he could top 20 percent - could mean the new parliament is filled with new, inexperienced, anti-establishment deputies who may refuse to do deals with other politicians and block legislation. Bersani and Monti could find themselves without a workable majority in the Senate even in alliance - a scenario which Eurasia believe has a 20-30 percent probability.

"It's hard to see Grillo's movement as a source of stability," said one diplomat, speaking off the record. "There is no chance they would be part of a coalition."

CONVICTION POLITICIAN

Ironically Grillo himself will not be entering parliament regardless of how well his movement does. The shaggy-haired 63-year-old was convicted of manslaughter after three passengers died when a jeep he was driving crashed in 1981, making him ineligible for election under his own party's rules barring convicted criminals from parliament.

"Grillo's agenda is just silly," said one leading Italian columnist, speaking anonymously because his publication did not allow him to be quoted in other media before the vote.

"It's a fuck off policy. He wants to leave Europe, set up people's tribunals, halve public employees. It's the most visible symptom of Italy's political crisis."

The 5-Star Movement is not the only anti-establishment force threatening to make Italy ungovernable. The federalist Northern League, which favors greater autonomy for northern Italy, is polling around five percent nationally. Its leader Roberto Maroni told Reuters last week he would use his seats in parliament in alliance with the centre-right to block a centre-left coalition and prevent it from governing.

The League is particularly important in the Senate as its home region of Lombardy, where the party polls about 15 percent, returns by far the most senators - 49 out of a chamber of 319.

Should Grillo's movement and the Northern League win enough seats to deprive a centre-left coalition with Monti of an overall majority, the most likely outcome is a "grand coalition" of left and right, experts say.

Such a result would unsettle investors because it would be likely to bring centre-right leader former premier Berlusconi, 76, back into government in a key role and Monti would be unlikely to join it.

Berlusconi's own party has boosted its standing in polls over the past month, helped by the former premier's veteran campaigning skill and his dominance of the country's private TV channels. But nobody apart from his own supporters believes he is likely to win this time.

POPE FACTOR

Pope Benedict's unexpected resignation this month has pushed the parliamentary election off the front pages in Italy, giving Berlusconi less print space and TV air time to press his populist message. The main beneficiary appears to be Grillo, whose strategy of ignoring mainstream media and campaigning on the Internet has been unaffected by the news from the Vatican.

Investors above all want a government which will tackle the reasons for Italy's lackluster performance. Italy has hardly grown since the birth of the euro in 1999 and its economy has slumped faster since the 2007 financial crisis than any other in Europe except Greece. Last year, Italy contracted by 2.2 percent, according to official statistics.

Businessmen complain of three main obstacles: stifling bureaucracy, labor laws which offer workers so much protection that they encourage slack performance, and a dysfunctional court system which makes it hard to enforce contracts and collect debts. All are deep-rooted problems and none is likely to be tackled effectively by a weak and divided government.

"Nobody in Italy is ready to make the reforms our country needs right now," said the chief executive of a major Italian company, speaking off the record.

"I am deeply convinced that without a major change in labor flexibility, we will not be able to increase productivity. My personal experience is that Italian labor is fantastic. But if you take a very good worker and tell him his job is completely safe, you will turn him into a slacker."

Italy's byzantine court system - where cases can languish for years - and its legendary bureaucracy are major obstacles to foreign investment and competitiveness, business people and diplomats say. "Foreign companies are surprised by how hard it is to get things done here which we all thought had been agreed in Brussels 20 years ago," said one senior European diplomat.

Monti's technocratic government won plaudits from business for reforming Italy's pension system but its efforts to reform labor laws did not enjoy similar success. Monti's government lasted 13 months until Berlusconi's bloc triggered its collapse by withdrawing support. Some observers in Italy don't believe that the next parliament's make-up will be nearly as conducive to reform as the outgoing one.

MUDDLE-THROUGH OUTCOME

"I want to be optimistic but my best guess is that they will keep to this muddle-through scenario in the next parliament with lackluster results for the economy," said a second senior diplomat. "This country needs a new generation of political leaders."

Key among the concerns of diplomats and business people is the disparate nature of the centre-left coalition leading in polls.

Bersani's election alliance is made up of four main parties, stretching from the former communist Vendola through the Christian left to socialists and centrists. If it is unable to govern alone, as most polls predict, it will need the support of Monti's bloc - itself made up of three parties.

Bankers fear that a government made up of seven different groups of widely varying political hues is highly unlikely to agree on the tough, radical reform measures the country needs.

"If we have a government made up of Bersani, Monti and Vendola, they will argue all the time," said the chief executive. "Bersani and Vendola's capacity for reform is almost zero." Comparing the present Italian centre-left candidate to the former German chancellor whose successful labor reforms belied his socialist roots, he added: "Bersani is no Schroeder".

Bersani's economic spokesman Stefano Fassina insists that the centre-left fully understands the urgency of Italy's economic plight and is committed to deliver on measures to stop the rot. But he puts the emphasis on making the public sector more efficient and persuading Berlin to tone down budget austerity at a European level rather than pursuing labor reform in Italy. Fassina insists that public commitments by Bersani and Vendola on an agreed program will minimize disagreements but he does admit to concern about how a centre-left administration could work with Grillo's unpredictable forces.

"It's impossible to have any discussions with Grillo as a party," he said. "We hope that in parliament some of his MPs will be pragmatic enough to agree on reasonable measures."

With so much uncertainty about the election and the chances fading of it returning a strong, stable reformist government, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that Italy's slow, steady economic decline will continue regardless of the result.

"We've seen a steady economic decline in Italy over the past 20 years and it's very hard to see any outcome from this election which will reverse that. The reforms which would really get the country going again are out of reach," concluded the European diplomat.

(Editing by Peter Millership and Giles Elgood)

Source: http://feeds.reuters.com/~r/reuters/topNews/~3/nOafn4vygrA/us-italy-election-idUSBRE91J08820130220

islands 2013 nissan altima masters par 3 contest google augmented reality glasses wonderlic test texas tornado fantasy baseball

Obama and Woods Both Won Their Golf Game

Just in case you were still wondering about that secretive presidential golf game on Sunday, Tiger Woods said today that he and the president won as a team, beating Houston Astros owner Jim Crane and U.S. Trade Representative Ron Kirk. The president, Woods said, was "pretty cool," with an "amazing touch," but his long game could apparently use some tuning.

Source: http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2013/02/obama-and-woods-both-won-their-golf-game.html

battle royale key largo arnold palmer invitational ryan madson louisiana primary syracuse basketball chipper jones

ING DIRECT Canada to consolidate its operations in Ivanho? Cambridge?s Steeles Technology Campus in Toronto (Ivanhoe Cambridge Inc)

Coordinates46?49??N134?16??N
{{infobox settlement | official nameCity of Cambridge | other_name | nickname | settlement_type City & non-metropolitan district | motto | image_skyline KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg | imagesize 280px | image_caption King's College Chapel, seen from the Backs | image_blank_emblem Arms-cambridge.jpg | blank_emblem_type Coat of Arms of the City Council | blank_emblem_size 150px | blank_emblem_link Cambridge City Council, England | image_map Cambridge UK locator map.svg | mapsize 200px | map_caption Cambridge shown within Cambridgeshire | coordinates_region GB | subdivision_type Sovereign state | subdivision_name United Kingdom | subdivision_type1 Constituent country | subdivision_name1 England | subdivision_type2 Region | subdivision_name2 East of England | subdivision_type3 Ceremonial county | subdivision_name3 Cambridgeshire | subdivision_type4 Admin HQ | subdivision_name4 Cambridge Guildhall | government_footnotes | government_type Non-metropolitan district, city | leader_title Governing?body | leader_name Cambridge City Council | leader_title1 Mayor | leader_name1 Sheila Stuart | leader_title3 MPs: | leader_name3 Julian Huppert (LD)Andrew Lansley (C) | established_title Founded | established_date 1st century | established_title2 City status | established_date2 1951 | area_total_km2 115.65 | area_land_km2 | population_as_of | population_total (ranked ) | population_blank1_title County | population_blank1 752900 | population_blank2_title Ethnicity (2009) | population_blank2 73.5% White British1.1% White Irish7.1% White Other2.4% Mixed Race8.4% British Asian4.3% Chinese and other3.1% Black British | timezone Greenwich Mean Time | utc_offset +0 | timezone_DST BST | utc_offset_DST +1 | latd 52.205 | longd 0.119 | coordinates_format dec | elevation_m 6 | postal_code_type Postcode | postal_code CB1?? CB5 | area_code 01223 | blank1_name ONS code | blank1_info 12UB (ONS)E07000008 (GSS) | blank2_name OS grid reference | blank2_info | website www.cambridge.gov.uk}}

The city of Cambridge ( ) is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies in East Anglia, on the River Cam, about north of London. According to the United Kingdom Census 2001, its population was 108,863 (including 22,153 students), and was estimated to be 130,000 in mid-2010. There is archaeological evidence of settlement in the area in bronze age and Roman times, and under Viking rule Cambridge became an important trading centre. The first town charters were granted in the 12th century, although city status was not conferred until 1951.

Cambridge is most widely known as the home of the University of Cambridge, founded in 1209 and consistently ranked one of the top five universities in the world. The university includes the renowned Cavendish Laboratory, King's College Chapel, and the Cambridge University Library. The Cambridge skyline is dominated by the last two buildings, along with the chimney of Addenbrooke's Hospital in the far south of the city and St John's College Chapel tower.

Today, Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology centre known as Silicon Fen?? a play on Silicon Valley and the fens surrounding the city. Its economic strengths lie in industries such as software and bioscience, many start-up companies having been spun out of the university. Over 40% of the workforce have a higher education qualification, more than twice the national average.

The green space of Parker's Piece hosted the first ever game of association football, and the Strawberry Fair music and arts festival is held on Midsummer Common. Cambridge is adjacent to the M11 and A14 roads, and is around 49 minutes from London Kings Cross by non-stop train, with other rail links to Norwich, Birmingham and elsewhere.

History

Prehistory and Roman

Settlements have existed around the Cambridge area since before the Roman Empire. The earliest clear evidence of occupation is the remains of a 3,500-year-old farmstead discovered at the site of Fitzwilliam College. There is further archaeological evidence through the Iron Age, a Belgic tribe having settled on Castle Hill in the 1st century BC. Evidence of widespread Roman settlement has been discovered in Cambridge including numerous farmsteads and a village in the Cambridge district of Newnham.

Post Roman and Medieval

After the Romans had left Saxons took over the land on and around Castle Hill and renamed it Grantabrycge?? 'Bridge over the river Granta'. Over time the name evolved to become Cambridge, while the river Granta became known as the river Cam to match the name of the city. Their grave goods have been found in the area. During Anglo-Saxon times Cambridge benefited from good trade links across the hard-to-travel fenlands. By the 7th century the town was less significant, described by Bede as a "little ruined city" containing the burial site of Etheldreda. Cambridge is mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as "Grantebrycge", a period when settlements existed on both sides of the river and Cambridge was on the border of East Anglian and Middle Anglian kingdoms.

The arrival of the Vikings in Cambridge was recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 875. Viking rule, the Danelaw, had been imposed by 878 The Vikings' vigorous trading habits caused Cambridge to grow rapidly. During this period the centre of the town shifted from Castle Hill on the left bank of the river to the area now known as the Quayside on the right bank. After the Viking period the Saxons enjoyed a return to power, building churches such as St Bene't's Church, wharves, merchant houses and a mint, which produced coins with the town's name abbreviated to "Grant".

In 1068, two years after his conquest of England, William of Normandy built a castle on Castle Hill. Like the rest of the newly conquered kingdom, Cambridge fell under the control of the King and his deputies. The distinctive Round Church dates from this period.

The first town charter was granted by Henry I to Cambridge between 1120 and 1131. It gave Cambridge monopoly of waterborne traffic and hithe tolls as well as recognising the Borough court. In 1209, Cambridge University was founded by students escaping from hostile townspeople in Oxford. The oldest college that still exists, Peterhouse, was founded in 1284.

In 1349 Cambridge was affected by the Black Death. Few records survive but 16 of 40 scholars at Kings Hall died. The town north of river was severely affected being almost wiped out. Following further depopulation after a second national epidemic in 1361, a letter from the Bishop of Ely suggested that two parishes in Cambridge be merged as there weren't enough people to fill even one church. With over a third of English clergy dying in the Black Death, four new colleges were established at the University over the following years to train new clergymen, namely Gonville Hall, Trinity Hall, Corpus Christi and Clare Hall.

In 1382 a revised town charter effects a "diminution of the liberties that the community had enjoyed", due to Cambridge's participation in the Peasants' Revolt. The charter transfers supervision of baking & brewing, weights & measures, and forestalling & regrating, from the town to the University.

One of the most well-known buildings in Cambridge, King's College Chapel, was begun in 1446 by King Henry VI. The project was completed in 1515 during the reign of King Henry VIII.

Early Modern

Cambridge played a significant role in the early part of the English Civil War as it was the headquarters of the Eastern Counties Association, an organisation administering a regional East Anglian army, which became the mainstay of the Parliamentarian military effort prior to the formation of the New Model Army. In 1643 control of the town was given by Parliament to Oliver Cromwell, who had been educated at the University's Sidney Sussex College. The town's castle was fortified, with troops garrisoned there and some bridges destroyed to aid the defence. Although Royalist forces came within 2 miles of the town in 1644, the defences were never used and the garrison was stood down the following year.

In the 19th century, in common with many other English towns, Cambridge expanded rapidly. This was due in part to increased life expectancy and also improved agricultural production leading to increased trade in town markets. Inclosure Acts of 1801 and 1807 enabled expansion of the town over surrounding open fields and eventually in 1912 and again in 1935 the boundaries were extended to include areas such as Chesterton, Cherry Hinton, Fen Ditton, Trumpington, and Grantchester.

The railway came to Cambridge in 1845 after initially being resisted, with the opening of the Great Eastern London to Norwich line. The station was placed outside the town centre following pressure from the University, who restricted travel by undergraduates. With the arrival of the railway and its associated employment came expansion of the areas around the station, such as Romsey Town. The train link to London stimulated heavier industries, such as the production of brick, cement and malt.

Twentieth century

From the 1930s to the 1980s the size of the city was increased by several large council estates. The biggest impact has been on the area north of the river, which are now the estates of East Chesterton, King's Hedges, and Arbury where Archbishop Rowan Williams lived and worked as an assistant priest in the early 1980s.

During the Second World War Cambridge was an important centre for defence of the east coast. The town became a military centre, with an R.A.F. training centre and the regional headquarters for Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Hertfordshire, and Bedfordshire established during the conflict. The town itself escaped relatively lightly from German bombing raids, which were mainly targeted at the railway. 29 people were killed and no historic buildings being damaged. In 1944, a secret meeting of military leaders held in in Trinity College laid the foundation for the allied invasion of Europe. During the war Cambridge served as an evacuation centre for over 7,000 people from London, as well as for parts of the University of London.

Cambridge was granted its city charter in 1951 in recognition of its history, administrative importance and economic success. Cambridge does not have a cathedral, traditionally a prerequisite for city status, instead falling within the Church of England Diocese of Ely. In 1962 Cambridge's first shopping arcade, Bradwell's Court, opened on Drummer Street, though this was demolished in 2006. Other shopping arcades followed at Lion Yard, which housed a relocated Central Library for the city, and the Grafton Centre which replaced Victorian housing stock which had fallen into disrepair in the Kite area of the city. This latter project was controversial at the time.

The city gained its second University in 1992 when Anglia Polytechnic became Anglia Polytechnic University. Renamed Anglia Ruskin University in 2005, the institution has its origins in the Cambridge School of Art opened in 1858 by John Ruskin. The Open University also has a presence in the city, with an office operating on Hills Road. Cambridge City Council plans to renew the area around the Corn Exchange concert hall, and plans for a permanent ice-skating rink are being considered after the success of a temporary one that has been on Parker's Piece every year for the past few years.

Governance

Local government

Cambridge is a non-metropolitan district served by Cambridge City Council. Cambridge Local Authority District covers most of the City's urban area but some extends outside this into South Cambridgeshire District. Cambridge is one of five districts within the county of Cambridgeshire, and is bordered on all sides by the mainly rural South Cambridgeshire district. The city council's headquarters are in the Guildhall, a large building in the market square. Cambridge was granted a Royal Charter by King John in 1207, which permitted the appointment of a Mayor, although the first recorded Mayor, Harvey FitzEustace, served in 1213. City councillors now elect a mayor annually.

For electoral purposes the city is divided into 14 wards: Abbey, Arbury, Castle, Cherry Hinton, Coleridge, East Chesterton, King's Hedges, Market, Newnham, Petersfield, Queen Edith's, Romsey, Trumpington, and West Chesterton. The political composition of the city council is currently: 21 Liberal Democrat councillors, 19 Labour, one Conservative and one independent councillor.

Each of the 14 wards also elect councillors to Cambridgeshire County Council. Responsible for services including school education, social care and highways, it has been controlled by the Conservative Party since 1997.

Westminster

The parliamentary constituency of Cambridge covers most of the city. Julian Huppert (Liberal Democrats) was elected Member of Parliament (MP) at the 2010 general election, succeeding David Howarth. One area of the city, Queen Edith's ward, lies in the South Cambridgeshire constituency, whose MP is Andrew Lansley (Conservative), elected in 1997. The city had previously elected a Labour MP from 1992 to 2005 and prior to this, usually elected a Conservative after the Second World War. However, the Conservatives have seen their share of the vote fall over the past 20 years.

The University of Cambridge used to have a seat in the House of Commons, Sir Isaac Newton being one of the most notable holders. The Cambridge University constituency was abolished under 1948 legislation, and ceased at the dissolution of Parliament for the 1950 general election, along with the other university constituencies.

Geography

Cambridge is situated about north-by-east of London. The city is located in an area of level and relatively low-lying terrain just south of the Fens, which varies between and above sea level. The town was thus historically surrounded by low lying wetlands that have been drained as the town has expanded.

The underlying geology of Cambridge consists of gault clay and Chalk Marl, known locally as Cambridge Greensand, party overlayed by terrace gravel. A layer of phosphatic nodules (coprolites) under the marl were mined in the 19th century for fertiliser. It became a major industry in the county, and its profits yielded buildings such as the Corn Exchange, Fulbourn Hospital and St. John's Chapel until the Quarries Act 1894 and competition from America ended production.

The River Cam flows through the city north from the village of Grantchester. It is bordered by water meadows within the city such as Sheep's Green as well as residential development. The name 'Cambridge' is derived from the river. Like most cities, modern-day Cambridge has many suburbs and areas of high-density housing. The city centre of Cambridge is mostly commercial, historic buildings, and large green areas such as Jesus Green, Parker's Piece and Midsummer Common. Many of the roads in the centre are pedestrianised. Population growth has seen new housing developments in the 21st century, with estates such as the CB1 and Accordia schemes near the station, and developments such as Clayfarm and Trumpington Meadows planned for the south of the city.

Climate

Cambridge currently has two official weather observing stations, the National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB), about 2 miles north of the city centre, and the Cambridge University Botanic Garden, about 1 mile south of the city centre. The city, like most of the UK, has a maritime climate highly influenced by the Gulf Stream.

Located in the driest region of Britain, Cambridge's rainfall averages around per year, around half the national average, with some years occasionally falling into the semi-arid (under of rain per year) category. Last time this occurred was in 2011 with of rain at the Botanic Gardens and at the NIAB site. Conversely, 2012 happened to be the wettest year on record, with reported. Snowfall accumulations are usually small, in part because of Cambridge's low elevation, and low precipitation tendency during transitional snow events.

Due to its low lying, inland, and easterly position within the British Isles, summer temperatures tend to be somewhat higher than areas further west, and often rival or even exceed those recorded in the London area. July 2006 for example recorded the highest official mean monthly maximum (i.e. averaged over the entire month) of any month at any location in the UK since records began; ,at both the NIAB and Botanic Garden observing stations.

Cambridge also often records the annual highest national temperature in any given year?? in July 2008 at NIAB and in August 2007 at the Botanic Garden are two recent examples. The absolute maximum stands at set on 10 August 2003, although a temperature of was recorded on the same day at the Guildhall rooftop weather station in the city centre and is acknowledged by the Met Office. Before this, the absolute maximum was set at the Botanic Garden in August 1990. The last time the temperature exceeded was July 2006 when the maximum reached at the Botanic Garden and at NIAB. Typically the temperature will reach or higher on over 25 days of the year over the 1981-2010 period, with the annual warmest day averaging over the same period.

The absolute minimum temperature recorded at the Botanic Garden site was , recorded in February 1947 Although a minimum of was recorded at the now defunct observatory site in December 1879. More recently the temperature fell to on 11 February 2012, on 22 January 2013 and on 20 December 2010. The average frequency of air frosts ranges from 42.8 days at the NIAB site, to 48.3 days at the Botanic Garden per year over the 1981-2010 period. Typically the coldest night of the year at the Botanic Garden will fall to . Such minimum temperatures and frost averages are typical for inland areas across much of southern and central England.

Sunshine averages around 1,500 hours a year or around 35% of possible, a level typical of most locations in inland central England.

Demography

The demography in Cambridge changes considerably in and out of University term times, so can be hard to measure.

In the 2001 Census held during University term, 89.44% of Cambridge residents identified themselves as white, compared with a national average of 92.12%. Within the University, 84% of undergraduates and 80% of post-graduates identify as white (including overseas students).

Cambridge has a much higher than average proportion of people in the highest paid professional, managerial or administrative jobs (32.6% vs. 23.5%) and a much lower than average proportion of manual workers (27.6% vs. 40.2%). In addition, a much higher than average proportion of people have a high level qualification (e.g. degree, Higher National Diploma, Masters and PhDs), (41.2% vs. 19.7%).

Historical population of Cambridge

Year !! colspan="2" Population
1749
1801
1811
1821
1831
1841
1851
1861
1871
1881
1891
1901
1911
1921
1931
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2010
2011

Local census 1749 Census: Regional District 1801?1901 Civil Parish 1911?1961 District 1971?2011

Economy

The town's river link to the surrounding agricultural land, and good road connections to London in the south meant Cambridge has historically served as an important regional trading post. King Henry I granted Cambridge a monopoly on river trade, enabling this area of the economy to flourish. The town market provided for trade in a wide variety of goods and annual trading fairs such as Stourbridge Fair and Midsummer Fair were visited by merchants from across the country. The river was described in an account of 1748 as being "often so full of [merchant boats] that the navigation thereof is stopped for some time". For example, 2000 firkins of butter were brought up the river every Monday from the agricultural lands to the North East, particularity Norfolk, to be unloaded in the town for road transportation to London. Changing patterns of retail distribution and the advent of the railways led to a decline in Cambridge's importance as a market town.

Today Cambridge has a diverse economy with strength in sectors such as research & development, software consultancy, high value engineering, creative industries, pharmaceuticals and tourism. Described as one of the "most beautiful cities in the world" by Forbes in 2010, tourism generates over ?350 million for the city's economy.

Cambridge and its surrounds are sometimes referred to as Silicon Fen, an allusion to Silicon Valley, because of the density of high-tech businesses and technology incubators that have developed on science parks around the city. Many of these parks and buildings are owned or leased by university colleges, and the companies often have been spun out of the university. Cambridge Science Park, which is the largest commercial R&D centre in Europe, is owned by Trinity College; St John's is the landlord of St John's Innovation Centre. Spinout companies include Abcam, CSR, ARM Limited, CamSemi, Jagex and Sinclair. Microsoft chose to locate its Microsoft Research UK offices in a University of Cambridge technology park, separate from the main Microsoft UK campus in Reading.

Cambridge was also the home of Pye Ltd., founded in 1898 by W. G. Pye, who worked in the Cavendish Laboratory; it began by supplying the University and later specialised in wireless telegraphy equipment, radios, televisions and also defence equipment. Pye Ltd evolved into several other companies including TETRA radio equipment manufacturer Pye Telecommunications. Another major business is Marshall Aerospace located on the eastern edge of the city. The Cambridge Network keeps businesses in touch with each other. The FTSE100 software company Autonomy Corporation is located at the Business Park on Cowley Road.

Transport

Because of its rapid growth in the 20th century, Cambridge has a congested road network. The M11 motorway from east London terminates to the north-west of the city where it joins the A14, a major freight route which connects the port of Felixstowe on the east coast with the Midlands. The A428 connects the city with Bedford and St Neots, and the A1303 to Newmarket and beyond to Colchester.

As a university town lying on fairly flat ground and with traffic congestion, Cambridge has the highest level of cycle use in the UK. According to the 2001 census, 25% of residents travelled to work by bicycle.

Cambridge has several bus services including routes linking five Park and Ride sites all of which operate seven days a week and are aimed at encouraging motorists to park near the city's edge. Since 7 August 2011, the Cambridgeshire Guided Busway has bus services running into the centre of Cambridge from St Ives and Huntingdon.

Cambridge railway station has direct rail links to London with termini at (via the Cambridge Line and the East Coast Main Line) and (on the West Anglia Main Line). There is a non-stop train to King's Cross every half-hour during off-peak hours, with a typical 50-minute journey time. Trains also run to and (via the Fen Line), (via the Breckland Line), , Birmingham New Street, and London Stansted Airport. A second station, Cambridge Science Park, is due to open in 2015.

Cambridge also has its own airport, Cambridge Airport used mainly by business, leisure and training flights, and to fly in aircraft for maintenance.

Education

Cambridge's two universities, the collegiate University of Cambridge and the local campus of Anglia Ruskin University, serve around 30,000 students, by some estimates. Cambridge University estimated its 2007/08 student population at 17,662, and Anglia Ruskin reports 24,000 students across its two campuses (one of which is outside Cambridge, in Chelmsford) for the same period. State provision in the further education sector includes Hills Road Sixth Form College, Long Road Sixth Form College, and Cambridge Regional College.

Both state and independent schools serve Cambridge pupils from nursery to secondary school age. State schools are administered by Cambridgeshire County Council, which maintains 251 schools in total, 35 of them in Cambridge city. Netherhall School, Chesterton Community College, the Parkside Federation (comprising Parkside Community College and Coleridge Community College), Manor Community College and the Christian inter-denominational St. Bede's School provide comprehensive secondary education. Many other pupils from the Cambridge area attend village colleges, an educational institution unique to Cambridgeshire, which serve as secondary schools during the day and adult education centres outside of school hours. Independent schools in the city include The Perse School, The Stephen Perse Foundation, St Mary's School and The Leys School.

Culture

Sport

Football

Cambridge played a unique role in the invention of modern football: the game's first set of rules were drawn up by members of the University in 1848. The Cambridge Rules were first played on Parker's Piece and had a "defining influence on the 1863 Football Association rules." which again were first played on Parker's Piece.

The city is home to Cambridge United F.C., who played in the Football League at the Abbey Stadium from 1970 to 2005, when they were relegated to Conference National, the division in which they currently compete. When relegation became inevitable the club was placed in administration with substantial debts, but it emerged from administration in time for the 2005?06 season. The club's biggest success came in the early 1990s, with two successive promotions, two successive FA Cup quarter-final appearances, a run to the Football League Cup quarter-finals, and reaching the brink of promotion to the new Premier League.

The city's other football clubs are Cambridge City F.C. who play in the Southern Football League Premier Division at the City Ground in Chesterton and Cambridge Regional College F.C. who are currently members of the Eastern Counties League Premier Division and play at the Abbey Stadium. Histon, just north of Cambridge, is home to Conference North side Histon F.C. and Cambridge University Press F.C. of the Eastern Counties League First Division.

Cricket

As well as being the home of the Cambridge Rules in football, Parker's Piece was used for first-class cricket matches from 1817 to 1864. The University of Cambridge's Cricket ground, Fenner's, is located in the city and is one of the home grounds for minor counties team Cambridgeshire CCC. There are seven amateur cricket clubs within the city: Cambridge Granta, Camden, Cambridge St Giles, New Chesterton Institute, Fen Ditton, Romsey Town and Cherry Hinton.

Rugby

The city is represented in both codes of Rugby football. Rugby Union club Cambridge R.U.F.C. play in National Division One at their home ground, Volac park on Grantchester Road in the southwest corner of the city. Cambridge Eagles Rugby League team play in the National Conference League East Section during the summer months.

Watersports

The River Cam running through the city centre is used for boating. The University has its own rowing club, Cambridge University Boat Club, and most of the individual colleges have boathouses on the river. The main focus of university rowing life are the two sets of bumps races held at the end of the Lent and Easter terms. Cambridgeshire Rowing Association was formed in 1868 and organises competitive rowing on the river outside of the University. Shallower parts of the Cam are used for recreational punting, a type of boating in which the craft is propelled by pushing against the river bed with a quant pole.

Other sports

Cambridge is home to two Real Tennis courts out of just 42 in the world at Cambridge University Real Tennis Club. British American Football League club Cambridgeshire Cats play at Coldham's Common. Cambridge Royals Baseball Club compete in the British Baseball Federation in 2011. Cambridge has two cycling clubs Team Cambridge and Cambridge Cycling Club. Cambridge & Coleridge Athletic Club is the city's track and field club, based at the University of Cambridge's Wilberforce Road track.

Motorcycle speedway racing took place at the Greyhound Stadium in Newmarket Road in 1939 and the contemporary local press carried meeting reports and photographs of racing. It is not known if this venue operated in other years. The team raced as Newmarket as the meetings were organised by the Newmarket Motorcycle Club. The Romsey Town Rollerbillies play roller derby. City of Cambridge Swimming Club is based at Parkside Swimming Pool.

Varsity sports

Cambridge is also known for its university sporting events against Oxford, especially the rugby union Varsity Match and the Boat Race.

Theatre

Cambridge's main traditional theatre is the Arts Theatre, a venue with 666 seats in the town centre. The theatre often has touring shows, as well as those by local companies. The largest venue in the city to regular hold theatrical performances is the Cambridge Corn Exchange with a capacity of 1800 standing or 1200 seated. Housed within the city's 19th century former corn exchange building the venue was used for a variety of additional functions throughout the 20th century including tea parties, motor shows, sports matches and a music venue with temporary stage. The City Council renovated the building in the 1980s, turning it into a full-time arts venue, hosting theatre, dance and music performances.

The newest theatre venue in Cambridge is the 220-seat J2, also known as The Shed, part of the Junction complex in Cambridge Leisure Park. The venue was opened in 2005 and hosts live music, comedy and night clubs as well as traditional and contemporary theatre and dance

The ADC Theatre is managed by the University of Cambridge, and typically has 3 shows a week during term time. It hosts the Cambridge University Footlights Dramatic Club which has produced many notable figures in British comedy. The Mumford Theatre is part of Anglia Ruskin University, and hosts shows by both student and non student groups. There are also a number of venues within the colleges.

Literature and film

The city has been the setting for all or part of several novels, including Douglas Adams' Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency, Rose Macaulay's They Were Defeated, Kate Atkinson's Case Histories, Rebecca Stott's Ghostwalk and Robert Harris's Enigma, while Susanna Gregory wrote a series of novels set in 14th-century Cambridge. Gwen Raverat, the granddaughter of Charles Darwin, talked about her late Victorian Cambridge childhood in her memoir Period Piece and The Night Climbers of Cambridge is a book written by Noel Symington under the pseudonym "Whipplesnaith" about nocturnal climbing on the Colleges and town buildings of Cambridge in the 1930s.

A significant portion of E.M. Forster's Maurice (novel) took place on the campus of the University of Cambridge set during the Edwardian period of the early 20th Century. The experience of university life for the two protagonists was an integral element to the development of later events in the story. The cinematic version Maurice (film) produced by Merchant Ivory Productions had many scenes filmed on location at the University of Cambridge.

Fictionalised versions of Cambridge appear in Philippa Pearce's Tom's Midnight Garden and Minnow on the Say, the city renamed as Castleford, and as the home of Tom Sharpe's fictional "Porterhouse College".

Music

Popular music

Pink Floyd are the most notable band from Cambridge. The band's former songwriter, guitarist and vocalist Syd Barrett was born and lived in the city, and he and another founding member, Roger Waters, went to school together at Cambridgeshire High School for Boys. David Gilmour, the guitarist who replaced Barrett, was also a Cambridge resident and attended the nearby Perse School. Other bands who were formed in Cambridge include Henry Cow, Katrina and the Waves, The Soft Boys, Ezio Horace X, The Broken Family Band, and the pop-classical group King's Singers, who were formed at the University. Solo artists Boo Hewerdine and Robyn Hitchcock are from Cambridge, as are Drum and bass artists (and brothers) Nu:Tone and Logistics. Singers Matthew Bellamy, of the rock band Muse, and Olivia Newton-John were born in the city. Singer-songwriter Nick Drake, Colin Greenwood of Radiohead and Manchester music mogul Tony Wilson, the founder of Factory Records, were all educated at the University of Cambridge and 2012 Mercury Prize winners Alt-J are based in the city.

Contemporary Art

Cambridge is home to the internationally regarded Kettle's Yard gallery and the artist run Aid and Abet project Space. A short distance to the west of Cambridge is Wysing Arts Centre one of the leading research centres for the visual arts in Europe.

Festivals and events

Several fairs and festivals take place in Cambridge, mostly during the British summer. Midsummer Fair dates back to 1211, when it was granted a charter by King John. Today it exists primarily as an annual funfair with the vestige of a market attached and is held over several days around or close to midsummers day. On the first Saturday in June Midsummer Common is also the site for Strawberry Fair, a free music and children's fair, with a series of market stalls. For one week in May, on nearby Jesus Green, the annual Cambridge Beer Festival is held. Started in 1974, it is Britain's second largest beer festival outside London. 90,000 pints of beer and a tonne of cheese were served in 2009.

Cambridge Folk Festival, one of the largest festivals of folk music in the UK, is held annually in the grounds of Cherry Hinton Hall on the outskirts of the city. The festival has been organised by the city council since its inception in 1964. The Cambridge Summer Music Festival is an annual festival of classical music, held in the University's colleges and chapels. The Cambridge Shakespeare Festival is an eight-week season of open-air performances of the works of William Shakespeare, held in the gardens of various colleges of the university. Started in 1977, the Cambridge Film Festival was held annually in July, but moved to September in 2008 to avoid a clash with the rescheduled Edinburgh Film Festival.

Public services

Cambridge is served by Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, with several smaller medical centres around the city and a general hospital at Addenbrookes. Addenbrookes is a learning and teaching hospital, one of the largest in the United Kingdom, and functions as a centre for medical research.

The East of England Ambulance Service covers the city and has an ambulance station on Hills Road. The smaller Brookfields Hospital stands on Mill Road. Cambridgeshire Constabulary provides the city's policing; the main police station is at Parkside, adjacent to the city's fire station, operated by Cambridgeshire Fire and Rescue Service.

Cambridge Water Company supplies water services to the city, while Anglian Water provides sewerage services. For the supply of electricity, Cambridge is part of the East of England region, for which the distribution network operator is UK Power Networks. The city has no power stations, though a five-metre wind turbine, part of a Cambridge Regional College development, can be seen in King's Hedges.

Following the Public Libraries Act 1850 the city's first public library, located on Jesus Lane, was opened in 1855. It was moved to the Guildhall in 1862, and is now located in the Grand Arcade shopping centre. The library was reopened in September 2009, after having been closed for refurbishment for 33 months, more than twice as long as was forecast when the library closed for redevelopment in January 2007.

Religion

Cambridge has a number of churches, some of which form a significant part of the city's architectural landscape. Like the rest of Cambridgeshire it is part of the Anglican Diocese of Ely. A Cambridge-based family and youth organisation, Romsey Mill, had its centre re-dedicated in 2007 by the Archbishop of York, and is quoted as an example of best practice in a study into social inclusion by the East of England Regional Assembly.

Great St Mary's Church has the status of "University Church". Many of the University colleges contain chapels that hold services according to the rites and ceremonies of the Church of England, while the chapel of St Edmund's College is Roman Catholic. The city also has a number of theological colleges training clergy for ordination into a number of denominations, with affiliations to both the University of Cambridge and Anglia Ruskin University.

Cambridge is in the Roman Catholic Diocese of East Anglia and is served by the large Gothic Revival Our Lady and the English Martyrs Church at the junction of Hills Road and Lensfield Road. There is a Russian Orthodox church under the Diocese of Sourozh who worship at the chapel of Westcott House, and a Greek Orthodox church under the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain. There are three Quaker Meetings in Cambridge, located on Jesus Lane, Hartington Grove, and a Meeting called "Oast House" that meets in Pembroke College.

An Orthodox synagogue and Jewish student centre is located on Thompson's Lane, operated jointly by the Cambridge Traditional Jewish Congregation and the Cambridge University Jewish Society, which is affiliated to the Union of Jewish Students. The Beth Shalom Reform synagogue which previously met at a local school, has recently purchased land to construct a purpose-built synagogue building. There is also a student-led egalitarian minyan which holds services on Friday evenings.

The Abu Bakr Jamia Islamic Centre on Mawson Road and the Omar Faruque Mosque and Cultural Centre in Kings Hedges serve the city's community of around 4,000 Muslims until a planned new mosque is built.

A Buddhist centre was opened in the former Barnwell Theatre on Newmarket Road in 1998. In 2005 local Hindus began fundraising to build a shrine at the Bharat Bhavan Indian cultural centre off Mill Road where Hindu groups conduct worship. The shrine was completed in 2010.

Twinned cities

Cambridge is twinned with two cities. Like Cambridge, both have universities and are also similar in population; Heidelberg, Germany since 1965, and Szeged, Hungary since 1987.

See also

  • List of bridges in Cambridge
  • Cambridge News
  • Cambridge museums
  • Cambridge Poetry Festival
  • Cambridgeshire Archives and Local Studies
  • Gog Magog Downs
  • Panoramic photo gallery

    References

    ;Notes

    Further reading

    External links

  • Cambridge City Council
  • The Cambridge Market Place Webcam
  • The Cambridge Time Traveller History Site
  • Cambridgeshire Association for Local History
  • Cambridgeshire Community Archives
  • The official tourism website for Cambridge
  • Category:Articles including recorded pronunciations (UK English) Category:Cities in the East of England Category:County towns in England Category:Local government in Cambridgeshire Category:University towns in the United Kingdom Category:Non-metropolitan districts of Cambridgeshire Category:Local government districts of the East of England Category:Post towns in the CB postcode area

    af:Cambridge ang:Grantanbrycg ar:???????? az:Kembric bn:?????????? be:????? ???????? bg:????????? bs:Cambridge br:Cambridge ca:Cambridge cs:Cambridge cy:Caergrawnt da:Cambridge de:Cambridge et:Cambridge el:???????? es:Cambridge eo:Kembri?o (Britio) ext:Cambridge eu:Cambridge fa:?????? fr:Cambridge fy:Cambridge ga:Cambridge gd:Cambridge gl:Cambridge hak:Kiam-khi?u ko:????? hy:??????? hr:Cambridge io:Cambridge id:Cambridge, Cambridgeshire ia:Cambridge is:Cambridge it:Cambridge he:?????????' kn:????????? ka:???????? sw:Cambridge la:Cantabrigia lv:Kembrid?a lb:Cambridge (England) lt:Kembrid?as lmo:Cambridge hu:Cambridge ml:??????????? mr:????????, ??????? mzn:?????? my:????????????????? nl:Cambridge (Verenigd Koninkrijk) ja:?????? no:Cambridge nn:Cambridge nrm:Cambridge oc:Cambridge pnb:?????? pl:Cambridge pt:Cambridge ro:Cambridge qu:Cambridge ru:???????? sco:Cambridge scn:Cambridge simple:Cambridge sk:Cambridge (Cambridgeshire) sl:Cambridge sr:??????? sh:Cambridge fi:Cambridge sv:Cambridge tl:Cambridge th:????????? tg:??????? tr:Cambridge uk:???????? ug:Kambrij vi:Cambridge vo:Cambridge war:Cambridge zh-yue:?? bat-smg:K?mbr?d?os zh:??

    Source: http://article.wn.com/view/2013/02/19/ING_DIRECT_Canada_to_consolidate_its_operations_in_Ivanhoe_C/

    fox mole manson bubba watson recent earthquakes fbi most wanted list stuttering james van der beek

    Wednesday, February 20, 2013

    Real Estate Market Trends: Builder Confidence Dips | Millionaire ...

    An increasing share of home builders view prevailing real estate market trends - particularly traffic of prospective buyers - as poor in February, according to data released today by the National Association of Home Builders or NAHB.

    The NAHB housing market index fell one point to 46 over the last month, a score below the break-even point of 50 that indicates equal shares of home builders view real estate market trends as positive or negative.

    ?Following solid gains over the past year, builder confidence has essentially leveled out and held in the same three-point range over the last four months,? Rick Judson, chairman of the NAHB, a Washington, DC-based trade association, said in a statement. ?Tight credit conditions and weak job growth are weighing on builder confidence, and Judson said, ?It?s also a reflection of the fact that builders are now confronting rising costs for building materials and, in some markets, limited availability of labor and lots as demand for new homes strengthens.?

    In related news, foreclosure filings have hit a six-month low.

    The index tracks builders? perceptions of three key real estate market trends, current single family home sales, sales expectations for the next six months and traffic of prospective buyers.? The latter indicator fell by four points to 32. The perception of current sales has remained above 50 for three consecutive months, but fell one point to 51 in February. The gauge of sales expectations rose by one point to 50.

    ?Having risen strongly in 2012, the HMI hit a slight pause in the beginning of this year as builders adjusted their expectations to reflect the pace at which consumers are moving forward on new home purchases,? David Crowe, chief economist for the NAHB, said in a statement.

    In other real estate market trends, existing home prices rose 10 percent in the fourth quarter of 2012 bringing the median home price to $178,900, yet housing affordability remains high, the National Association of Realtors reported last week.? Price increases were seen in 133 of the 152 markets tracked by the association. Click here to learn more.

    Source: http://www.millionairecorner.com/article/real-estate-market-trends-builder-confidence-dips

    FRANK ZAMBONI Tiffany Six aaliyah jodie foster amber alert seahawks natalie wood

    St. John's still chasing NCAA berth

    
	Steve Lavin says St. John's controls its own destiny regarding the NCAA Tournament, but they need to string some wins together.

    Andrew Theodorakis/New York Daily News

    Steve Lavin says St. John's controls its own destiny regarding the NCAA Tournament, but they need to string some wins together.

    St. John?s has completed its most brutal stretch of the season. Now it embarks on its most-important one.

    The Red Storm?s goal of reaching the NCAA Tournament is still in reach even after going 1-3 in a four-game gauntlet ? a home win against Connecticut and road losses to No. 8 Syracuse, No. 10 Louisville and No. 11 Georgetown ? over a two-week stretch.

    ?

    The Johnnies? RPI is 60, it?s strength of schedule ranks 16th in the country, and head coach Steve Lavin is back at the helm for the final five games of the regular season after spending a week with his family mourning the death of his dad.

    ?

    ?We control our own destiny,? Lavin said Tuesday before practice. ?We?re the captain.?

    ?

    The five games are all pretty huge. St. John?s (15-10, 7-6 Big East) has two games against teams below them in the standings, tonight?s 7 p.m. Carnesecca Arena date with last-place South Florida (10-15, 1-12) and a road game at Providence the weekend after next. The other three are shots to make a statement: Sunday against No. 20 Pittsburgh at the Garden, a road game March 5 at No. 25 Notre Dame and the regular season finale in the Garden against No. 17 Marquette.

    ?

    ?I don?t think we can lose to another team that?s below us,? sophomore Sir?Dominic Pointer said. ?It would probably drop (our chances) to slim to none. (Although) A loss to a bad team and a win to a good team could balance it out.?

    ?

    Lavin said that in his experience with NCAA Tournament selection committees, the two most important factors have been the strength of a team?s schedule and whom that team has beaten.

    ?

    For some fun, consider a couple numbers: Only seven Big East teams in 30 years won 10 conference games and did not get in to the NCAA draw; and 85% of Big East teams with 18 overall wins have gone dancing. Were St. John?s to win three of the last five, they?d have both of those.

    ?

    Last season a 20-win Seton Hall didn?t make the cut, but its RPI was 68 and it had just three wins against teams with the 50 best RPI. The Johnnies have three of those now and three more opportunities.

    ?

    Pausing a moment to consider St. John?s in the draw, Pointer said ?We're a young dangerous team. I think we a sleeper team in tournament: you know a couple of upsets, bracket busters and all that stuff. I think we'd be a very dangerous team.?

    Lavin?s goal is to keep the team on point for all of it. He said being with his five siblings and his mother has helped him and ?now my focus in 100% on this team and this season.?

    ?

    ?He had the same energy, same passion. He was basically coaching as the same way he had all year,? sophomore Phil Greene said of Lavin returning to the team Monday. ?His message was to finish the season strong. We have one goal: to make the NCAA Tournament.?

    ?

    ?We?re just trying to get enough wins coming down the stretch, and then in the postseason tournament, build the resume or body of work,? Lavin said. ?So when the selection committee looks at it with this strength of schedule, with this RPI and the quality wins over Cincinnati, Notre Dame and UConn (and) hopefully a few more quality wins. Now you?ve got five quality wins (and) a top-20 schedule coming out of the best conference in America with a good RPI.?

    ?

    While tonight?s game is as close to must-win for the Johnnies as any they?ve played this season, the Bulls are more dangerous than their record. They play a patient, low-scoring style and a first-rate point guard in Anthony Collins. Plus their one conference win is against conference co-leader Georgetown, who has beaten the Storm twice.

    ?

    ?That?s it right there,? Pointer said. ?We lost to Georgetown twice so we know we have to come out and play. They beat one of the top teams in our league so we know we have to come out and play.?

    ?

    BRANCHLESS

    St. John?s point guard Jamal Branch will not play on Wednesday when the Red Storm faces South Florida in a 7 p.m. Big East game at Carnesecca Arena, coach Steve Lavin said Tuesday. The Texas A&M transfer still has pain from a sprained MCL in his left knee suffered Feb. 2 at Georgetown.

    ?

    He has not been in a full practice yet with the team.

    ?

    Branch is averaging 8.3 points and 2.5 assists in 10 games since becoming eligible. St. John?s is 5-2 with him in the starting lineup.

    ?

    Though he is termed ?day-to-day? by the school, Lavin said there was no set timetable for him to return despite the fact he is progressing.

    ?

    ?With cutting or lateral movement there's still some pain,? Lavin said, ?so I don't know if it's another week? Is it two weeks? Is it ?wait ?til next year?? We just won't really know.

    ?

    ?We won't play him until he can go at full speed, make stops and starts, be able to change direction, have the explosiveness you need at both ends of the floor to play this game effectively.?

    Source: http://feeds.nydailynews.com/~r/nydnrss/sports/~3/DJulolstjvY/story01.htm

    marist south carolina primary results betty white ed reed football schedule jo paterno dead south carolina

    Discussing Mercedes-Benz, AMG, And The Future: Google+ Hangout Video

    Last week part of the High Gear Media editorial team including editorial director Marty Padgett, social media manager Joel Feder, and senior editor Nelson Ireson, all sat down together for a Google+ Hangout On Air. The topic was all about the future of Mercedes-Benz and AMG.

    The discussion included everything from our first driving impressions of the 2013 Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG GT and 2014 Mercedes-Benz E63 AMG, to our first impressions to the stylish new 2014 Mercedes-Benz CLA. We also covered future Mercedes-Benz models, such as the next-generation S Class and C Class.

    Last but not least, we discussed future technology, and how Mercedes-Benz is implementing it. From LED lighting technology to electronic power steering systems and downsizing engines with forced induction, there's a lot to take in.

    If you missed the live broadcast last week, don't fret. Thanks to YouTube our discussion has been preserved for many moons for your viewing pleasure.

    Did we miss anything, or do you have something to add to the discussion? Feel free to leave a comment below and we'll get back to you.

    Source: http://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1082400_discussing-mercedes-benz-amg-and-the-future-google-hangout-video

    nit colcannon dystonia tourettes gonzaga rosie o donnell soda bread recipe